How to Clean and Rejuvenate Suede: A Comprehensive Guide

Suede, with its luxurious nap and soft texture, adds a touch of elegance to shoes, jackets, handbags, and furniture. However, its delicate nature means it’s prone to dirt, stains, and wear. Knowing how to properly clean and rejuvenate suede is essential to keeping your items looking their best and extending their lifespan. This comprehensive guide provides everything you need to know about caring for suede.

Understanding Suede: What Makes It Special (and Vulnerable)

Suede is a type of leather made from the underside of animal skin, primarily lamb, goat, calf, or deer. Its characteristic soft, napped finish is created by buffing the leather. This process makes it more pliable than traditional leather, but also more absorbent and susceptible to damage from water, oil, and dirt.

The open-pore structure of suede allows liquids and dirt to penetrate easily, leading to staining and discoloration. This is why preventative care and regular cleaning are so crucial.

Essential Tools for Suede Care

Before you begin any cleaning process, gather the necessary tools. Having the right equipment on hand will make the job easier and more effective.

Suede Brush: A specialized brush with soft, brass or rubber bristles is essential for lifting dirt and restoring the nap.
Suede Eraser: Similar to a pencil eraser, a suede eraser is designed to gently remove dry dirt and scuff marks.
Suede Cleaner: A specifically formulated suede cleaner is designed to lift stains without damaging the material. Always test in an inconspicuous area first.
Microfiber Cloth: Soft, absorbent microfiber cloths are ideal for wiping away excess cleaner and buffing the suede.
White Vinegar: For certain stains, white vinegar can be a gentle and effective cleaning agent.
Cornstarch or Talcum Powder: These powders are excellent for absorbing oil-based stains.
Soft-bristled Toothbrush: A toothbrush can be helpful for cleaning hard-to-reach areas or gently agitating stubborn stains.
Protective Spray: A suede protector spray creates a barrier against water and stains, making future cleaning easier.

Preventative Care: Protecting Your Suede

The best way to keep your suede looking good is to prevent damage in the first place. Implementing a few simple preventative measures can significantly reduce the need for intensive cleaning.

Apply a Suede Protector: Before wearing or using a new suede item, apply a quality suede protector spray. This creates a water-repellent barrier that helps prevent stains and water damage. Reapply the spray every few months, or as needed.
Avoid Harsh Weather: Suede is particularly vulnerable to water damage. Avoid wearing suede shoes or carrying suede bags in rain or snow. If your suede does get wet, allow it to air dry naturally away from direct heat.
Store Properly: When not in use, store your suede items in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight. Use a dust bag or breathable garment bag to protect them from dust and scratches.
Handle with Care: Be mindful of surfaces that can stain or damage your suede. Avoid placing suede bags on the floor or rubbing suede shoes against rough surfaces.

Basic Cleaning: Removing Everyday Dirt and Dust

Regular cleaning is essential for maintaining the appearance of your suede items. A simple brushing can remove everyday dirt and dust, preventing them from becoming embedded in the material.

Brushing Technique: Use a suede brush to gently brush the suede in the direction of the nap. This will lift dirt and dust and restore the texture. Avoid scrubbing too hard, as this can damage the suede.
Addressing Scuff Marks: For minor scuff marks, use a suede eraser to gently rub the affected area. Apply light pressure and move the eraser in a back-and-forth motion.
Regular Maintenance: Make it a habit to brush your suede items after each use to prevent dirt from accumulating.

Deep Cleaning: Tackling Stains and Discoloration

When preventative measures fail, and stains inevitably occur, a deeper cleaning is required. Remember to always test any cleaning method in an inconspicuous area first to ensure it doesn’t damage or discolor the suede.

Water Stains

Water can actually stain suede, creating a darker, uneven appearance. Here’s how to address water stains:

Dampen the Entire Surface: Lightly dampen the entire surface of the suede item with a clean, damp cloth. This will help to even out the color.
Blot with a Towel: Use a clean, dry towel to blot the suede and remove excess moisture.
Allow to Air Dry: Let the suede air dry naturally away from direct heat or sunlight.
Brush the Nap: Once the suede is completely dry, use a suede brush to restore the nap.

Oil Stains

Oil stains can be particularly challenging to remove from suede. The key is to absorb the oil as quickly as possible.

Apply Absorbent Powder: Immediately apply a generous amount of cornstarch or talcum powder to the oil stain.
Let it Sit: Allow the powder to sit on the stain for several hours, or preferably overnight. This will give it time to absorb the oil.
Vacuum or Brush Away: Use a vacuum cleaner or suede brush to remove the powder.
Repeat if Necessary: If the stain is still visible, repeat the process.
Suede Cleaner: If the powder method doesn’t completely remove the stain, try using a suede cleaner specifically designed for oil stains.

Mud Stains

Mud stains are common, especially on suede shoes. Here’s how to remove them:

Let the Mud Dry: Allow the mud to dry completely. Trying to clean wet mud will only spread the stain.
Brush Away the Dried Mud: Use a suede brush to gently brush away the dried mud.
Dampen a Cloth: Dampen a clean cloth with water and gently blot the stained area.
Suede Cleaner (If Necessary): If the stain persists, use a suede cleaner according to the product instructions.

Ink Stains

Ink stains can be tricky, but with patience, they can often be removed.

Blot Immediately: If the ink is still wet, blot it immediately with a clean cloth. Avoid rubbing, as this will only spread the stain.
Rubbing Alcohol: Dab a cotton swab in rubbing alcohol and gently blot the ink stain.
Suede Cleaner: After using rubbing alcohol, use a suede cleaner to remove any remaining residue.
Professional Cleaning: For stubborn ink stains, it may be best to consult a professional suede cleaner.

General Stains

For general stains that don’t fall into the categories above, follow these steps:

Test in an Inconspicuous Area: Always test any cleaning solution in an inconspicuous area first to ensure it doesn’t damage or discolor the suede.
Apply Suede Cleaner: Apply a small amount of suede cleaner to a clean cloth and gently blot the stain.
Blot with a Clean Cloth: Use a clean, dry cloth to blot the area and remove excess cleaner.
Allow to Air Dry: Let the suede air dry naturally away from direct heat or sunlight.
Brush the Nap: Once the suede is completely dry, use a suede brush to restore the nap.

Rejuvenating Suede: Restoring Its Softness and Texture

Over time, suede can become stiff and lose its soft texture. Here are some tips for rejuvenating suede and restoring its original appearance.

Steaming: Steaming can help to loosen the fibers and restore the nap. Hold the suede item a few inches away from a steamer or the steam from an iron. Be careful not to saturate the suede.
Suede Brush: After steaming, use a suede brush to gently brush the nap in the direction you want it to lay.
Conditioning: Suede conditioners can help to moisturize the leather and restore its softness. Apply a small amount of conditioner to a clean cloth and gently rub it into the suede.
Professional Cleaning: For severely damaged or stiff suede, consider taking it to a professional cleaner.

Cleaning Different Types of Suede Items

The cleaning techniques described above can be applied to various types of suede items, but here are some specific considerations for each:

Suede Shoes: Regularly brush your suede shoes to remove dirt and dust. Use a suede eraser to remove scuff marks. Apply a suede protector spray to protect them from water and stains.
Suede Jackets: Store your suede jacket on a padded hanger to maintain its shape. Clean stains as soon as possible. Consider having your jacket professionally cleaned once a year.
Suede Handbags: Protect your suede handbag from dirt and stains by applying a suede protector spray. Avoid placing your bag on the floor. Clean stains promptly.
Suede Furniture: Vacuum your suede furniture regularly to remove dust and dirt. Use a suede cleaner to spot clean stains. Consider having your furniture professionally cleaned every few years.

When to Seek Professional Help

While many suede cleaning tasks can be handled at home, there are times when it’s best to seek professional help.

Stubborn Stains: If you’ve tried multiple cleaning methods and are still unable to remove a stain, it’s best to consult a professional cleaner.
Delicate Items: If you’re dealing with a particularly delicate or valuable suede item, it’s best to leave the cleaning to the experts.
Extensive Damage: If your suede item is severely damaged or stained, a professional cleaner may be able to restore it to its original condition.

Final Thoughts

Caring for suede requires a gentle touch and consistent maintenance. By following the tips and techniques outlined in this guide, you can keep your suede items looking their best for years to come. Remember to prioritize preventative care, clean stains promptly, and rejuvenate the suede regularly to maintain its luxurious texture and appearance. Knowing how to properly clean and care for your suede items will not only save you money in the long run but also ensure that you can continue to enjoy their beauty and elegance for years to come.

What are the essential tools needed to clean suede properly?

You’ll need a suede brush, specifically designed for lifting the nap of the material. A suede eraser, often made of rubber or crepe, is crucial for tackling dried stains and marks. A microfiber cloth will be useful for wiping away debris and applying cleaning solutions gently. It’s also a good idea to have a suede protector spray on hand to apply after cleaning, helping to prevent future stains and damage.

For more stubborn stains, consider having a specialized suede cleaning solution. A small bowl or container can be helpful for diluting cleaning solutions if necessary. And for more detailed cleaning tasks, such as reaching into crevices or cleaning seams, a soft-bristled toothbrush can be surprisingly effective.

How do I remove water stains from suede shoes or garments?

Water stains can be tricky because they often leave a darkened ring. The key is to address them by evenly wetting the entire affected area. Using a clean, damp cloth, gently wet the suede, ensuring you don’t soak it. This will help to blend the water stain into the surrounding material and prevent further discoloration.

Once the suede is evenly damp, allow it to air dry completely away from direct heat or sunlight. Stuffing the item with paper towels can help it maintain its shape as it dries. After it’s dry, use a suede brush to restore the nap and texture of the suede, ensuring a uniform appearance.

Can I use household cleaning products on suede?

Generally, it’s best to avoid using common household cleaning products on suede. Many of these products contain harsh chemicals that can damage or discolor the delicate material. Suede is a type of leather with a napped finish, making it more susceptible to damage than smooth leather.

Instead, opt for products specifically designed for cleaning suede. These products are formulated to gently lift dirt and stains without harming the suede’s fibers or altering its color. If you’re unsure about a product, test it on an inconspicuous area first to check for any adverse reactions.

How often should I clean my suede items?

The frequency of cleaning depends on how often you use your suede items and the conditions they’re exposed to. For frequently worn shoes or garments, a regular maintenance routine is recommended. This involves brushing the suede after each wear to remove loose dirt and debris and helps maintain the nap.

A deeper clean is typically needed every few months, or more frequently if the item becomes noticeably stained or dirty. Regular cleaning not only keeps your suede looking its best but also prevents dirt and grime from becoming deeply embedded in the material, making them harder to remove later on.

What’s the best way to protect my suede items from future stains?

The most effective way to protect suede is to apply a specialized suede protector spray. These sprays create a barrier that repels water, oil, and dirt, making it easier to clean up spills and stains. Choose a protector spray specifically designed for suede and follow the manufacturer’s instructions carefully.

Reapply the protector spray every few months, or more often if the item is frequently exposed to wet or dirty conditions. In addition to using a protector spray, avoid wearing suede in heavy rain or mud, and store your suede items in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight.

How do I clean dried mud from suede shoes?

Allow the mud to dry completely before attempting to remove it. Trying to wipe away wet mud will only spread it and make it harder to remove. Once the mud is dry, use a soft brush or your fingers to gently break it up and remove any loose clumps.

Next, use a suede eraser to gently rub away any remaining dried mud. Avoid applying too much pressure, as this could damage the suede. After erasing the mud, use a suede brush to restore the nap and texture of the suede. If any stains remain, you may need to use a suede cleaning solution.

Can I clean suede jackets in the washing machine?

It’s generally not recommended to wash suede jackets in a washing machine. The harsh detergents and agitation can damage the delicate fibers and cause the suede to shrink or lose its texture. Washing machines can also remove the natural oils from the suede, leaving it stiff and brittle.

Instead, spot clean your suede jacket with a suede cleaner and brush. For heavily soiled jackets, consider taking it to a professional leather cleaner who specializes in suede. They have the proper equipment and expertise to clean your jacket safely and effectively.