Cilantro, with its vibrant green leaves and distinctive, polarizing flavor, is a staple in many cuisines around the world. Whether you love it or hate it, there’s no denying its versatility in adding a fresh, herbaceous note to dishes. But before you toss it into your tacos or garnish your guacamole, proper preparation is key. This comprehensive guide will walk you through everything you need to know about preparing cilantro, from selecting the best bunch to maximizing its freshness and flavor.
Choosing the Right Cilantro
The first step to preparing cilantro is selecting the best bunch at the grocery store or farmer’s market. Look for vibrant green leaves that are perky and upright, not wilted or yellowing. Avoid bunches that have a slimy appearance or a strong, unpleasant odor, as these are signs that the cilantro is past its prime.
The stems should be firm and not overly thick. While you’ll likely be chopping off some of the stems, they still contribute to the overall freshness of the herb. Smaller leaves generally have a more delicate flavor than larger, more mature leaves, which can sometimes be bitter.
Consider buying organic cilantro whenever possible to minimize your exposure to pesticides.
Washing Cilantro Thoroughly
Cilantro, like many leafy greens, can harbor dirt, sand, and even tiny insects. Thorough washing is essential to ensure that your cilantro is clean and safe to eat. There are several methods you can use, each with its own advantages.
The Bowl Method
This method is gentle and effective for removing dirt and debris. Fill a large bowl with cold water. Submerge the cilantro in the water, swishing it around gently to loosen any dirt. Let the cilantro sit in the water for a few minutes, allowing the dirt to settle to the bottom of the bowl.
Lift the cilantro out of the water, being careful not to disturb the sediment at the bottom. Rinse the cilantro under cool, running water to remove any remaining dirt. Repeat this process if necessary until the water remains clear after soaking the cilantro.
The Salad Spinner Method
If you have a salad spinner, this is a quick and efficient way to wash and dry your cilantro. Place the cilantro in the salad spinner basket and fill the bowl with cold water. Swish the cilantro around to loosen any dirt. Lift the basket out of the bowl and drain the dirty water. Repeat this process until the water runs clear. Spin the cilantro to remove excess water.
The Colander Method
This is a simple method that works well for small bunches of cilantro. Place the cilantro in a colander and rinse it thoroughly under cool, running water. Gently rub the leaves to remove any dirt.
Drying Cilantro
After washing your cilantro, it’s important to dry it thoroughly. Excess moisture can cause the cilantro to wilt and spoil more quickly. The salad spinner method is excellent for drying cilantro, but you can also use paper towels.
Gently pat the cilantro dry with paper towels, being careful not to bruise the leaves. You can also spread the cilantro out on a clean kitchen towel and let it air dry for a few minutes.
Chopping Cilantro Effectively
How you chop cilantro can affect its flavor and appearance in your dishes. A sharp knife is essential for clean cuts that minimize bruising.
Choosing Your Knife
A chef’s knife or a santoku knife is a good choice for chopping cilantro. These knives are versatile and have a sharp blade that can easily slice through the stems and leaves. Make sure your knife is properly sharpened before you begin. A dull knife will crush the cilantro instead of cutting it cleanly, which can release bitter compounds.
Gathering the Cilantro
Gather the washed and dried cilantro into a tight bunch. Hold the bunch firmly with one hand, keeping your fingers tucked in to avoid cutting them.
Cutting the Stems
Using your sharp knife, cut off the bottom inch or two of the stems. These stems are often tough and fibrous. You can discard them or save them to flavor stocks or soups. Many people enjoy the flavor of the cilantro stems, so you can chop them finely along with the leaves.
Chopping the Leaves
There are several ways to chop the leaves, depending on your preference and the intended use. For a coarse chop, simply rock the knife back and forth over the cilantro until it reaches the desired consistency. For a finer chop, use a rocking motion while moving the knife across the cilantro in small increments.
Avoid over-chopping the cilantro, as this can release its volatile oils and diminish its flavor. Aim for uniform pieces that are neither too large nor too small.
Chopping Cilantro with Stems
If you want to include the stems, chop them finely before adding them to the leaves. The stems have a stronger flavor than the leaves, so use them sparingly if you prefer a milder taste.
Storing Cilantro for Maximum Freshness
Cilantro is a delicate herb that can quickly wilt and lose its flavor if not stored properly. The key to keeping cilantro fresh is to keep it hydrated and protected from excessive air exposure.
The Water Glass Method
This is one of the most popular and effective methods for storing cilantro. Trim the stems of the cilantro and place the bunch in a glass or jar filled with about an inch of water. Cover the cilantro loosely with a plastic bag, making sure the bag doesn’t touch the leaves. Store the cilantro in the refrigerator. Change the water every day or two to keep the cilantro fresh.
The Damp Paper Towel Method
Wrap the cilantro in a damp paper towel and place it in a resealable plastic bag or container. Squeeze out any excess air from the bag and store it in the refrigerator. The damp paper towel will help keep the cilantro hydrated. Replace the paper towel every few days if it becomes dry.
The Freezer Method
While freezing cilantro will alter its texture, it’s a good option for preserving its flavor for longer periods. Chop the cilantro and place it in an ice cube tray. Fill the tray with water or olive oil and freeze. Once the cubes are frozen, transfer them to a resealable plastic bag or container. Use the frozen cilantro cubes in soups, stews, sauces, or other cooked dishes.
Another freezing method involves spreading the chopped cilantro on a baking sheet lined with parchment paper. Freeze the cilantro for a few hours, then transfer it to a resealable plastic bag or container. This method prevents the cilantro from clumping together.
How Long Does Cilantro Last?
When stored properly, fresh cilantro can last for up to a week or two in the refrigerator. Frozen cilantro can last for several months in the freezer.
Using Cilantro in Your Cooking
Cilantro is incredibly versatile and can be used in a wide variety of dishes. It’s a staple in Mexican, Latin American, Southeast Asian, and Indian cuisines.
Adding Cilantro to Dishes
Cilantro is best added at the end of cooking to preserve its fresh flavor and vibrant green color. Adding it too early can cause it to wilt and lose its flavor.
Sprinkle chopped cilantro over tacos, salads, soups, stews, curries, and stir-fries. Use it as a garnish for grilled meats, fish, and vegetables. Blend it into sauces, dips, and dressings.
Cilantro Recipes
- Guacamole: Cilantro is an essential ingredient in guacamole, adding a fresh, herbaceous flavor that complements the creamy avocado.
- Salsa: Cilantro is also a key ingredient in many types of salsa, including salsa verde and pico de gallo.
- Tacos: Cilantro is a classic topping for tacos, adding a burst of freshness to the savory filling.
- Curries: Cilantro is often used as a garnish for curries, adding a vibrant green color and a fresh, herbaceous flavor.
- Soups: Cilantro can be added to soups for a burst of flavor and color.
Cilantro Substitutions
If you’re one of those people who can’t stand the taste of cilantro (due to a genetic predisposition), there are several substitutes you can use. Parsley is a common substitute, although it has a milder flavor than cilantro. Other options include Thai basil, mint, or a combination of these herbs.
Cilantro Varieties
While most people are familiar with the common variety of cilantro, there are actually several different varieties, each with its own unique flavor and characteristics. Some popular varieties include:
- Santo: This is a popular variety that is known for its bolt-resistant properties. It has a strong, distinctive flavor.
- Slow Bolt: As the name suggests, this variety is slow to bolt, meaning it will produce leaves for a longer period.
- Leisure: This variety has a milder flavor than some other varieties.
- Delfino: This variety has feathery, delicate leaves and a slightly different flavor profile.
Troubleshooting Cilantro Issues
Sometimes, despite your best efforts, cilantro can still present some challenges. Here are some common problems and how to address them.
Cilantro Bolting
Bolting is when the cilantro plant starts to produce flowers and seeds. This usually happens when the plant is stressed due to heat, drought, or lack of nutrients. Once cilantro bolts, the leaves can become bitter.
To prevent bolting, keep the cilantro plant well-watered and fertilized. You can also try planting it in a shady location. If your cilantro does bolt, you can still use the seeds (coriander) in your cooking.
Cilantro Turning Yellow
Yellowing leaves can be a sign of several problems, including overwatering, underwatering, nutrient deficiencies, or disease. Check the soil moisture and adjust your watering accordingly. Make sure the cilantro is getting enough sunlight. Fertilize the plant with a balanced fertilizer.
Cilantro Wilting
Wilting can be caused by dehydration, excessive heat, or root rot. Make sure the cilantro is getting enough water. Protect it from excessive heat. If you suspect root rot, remove the plant from its pot and inspect the roots. If the roots are brown and mushy, trim them off and repot the plant in fresh soil.
Cilantro and Coriander: What’s the Difference?
Cilantro and coriander are actually the same plant. Cilantro refers to the leaves and stems of the plant, while coriander refers to the seeds. Both cilantro and coriander are used in cooking, but they have very different flavors. Cilantro has a fresh, herbaceous flavor, while coriander has a warm, citrusy flavor.
Growing Your Own Cilantro
Growing your own cilantro is a rewarding way to ensure you always have a fresh supply on hand. Cilantro is relatively easy to grow, especially in cooler climates.
Choose a sunny location with well-drained soil. Sow the seeds directly into the ground in early spring or fall. Keep the soil moist until the seeds germinate. Thin the seedlings to about 6 inches apart. Harvest the leaves regularly to encourage continued growth.
Growing cilantro in containers is also a convenient option, especially if you have limited space. Use a well-draining potting mix and choose a container that is at least 6 inches deep.
Cilantro prefers cooler temperatures and can bolt quickly in hot weather. To extend your harvest, try planting cilantro in succession, sowing new seeds every few weeks.
Why is it important to wash cilantro thoroughly?
Thoroughly washing cilantro is crucial for removing dirt, sand, pesticides, and any lingering debris from the field. Cilantro, especially when bought from farmers markets or gardens, can harbor soil particles and small insects. Consuming unwashed cilantro can lead to ingestion of these undesirable elements, potentially causing discomfort or even illness. Proper washing ensures a clean and safe product for consumption.
Furthermore, washing also improves the taste and texture of cilantro. Removing gritty residue enhances the fresh flavor of the herb and makes it more palatable. The washing process also helps to revive wilted leaves, making them crispier and more appealing for use in salads, salsas, and other dishes. Therefore, taking the time to wash cilantro correctly is an essential step in preparing it for use.
What’s the best way to wash cilantro?
The most effective method for washing cilantro involves immersing it in a large bowl of cold water. Gently swish the cilantro around in the water, allowing the dirt and debris to settle to the bottom. It is recommended to repeat this process two or three times, changing the water each time until it remains clear.
After washing, it is crucial to dry the cilantro thoroughly. This can be achieved using a salad spinner or by laying the cilantro out on a clean kitchen towel and gently patting it dry. Drying prevents the cilantro from becoming soggy and helps to prolong its shelf life. This also ensures that the cilantro is ready for chopping and incorporation into your favorite recipes.
Should I remove the stems of cilantro before chopping?
Whether or not to remove the stems of cilantro before chopping is a matter of personal preference. The stems are perfectly edible and contain a significant amount of flavor, similar to the leaves. Many people find that finely chopped stems add a vibrant, fresh taste to dishes, especially when used in salsas or as a garnish.
However, the stems can be slightly tougher and more fibrous than the leaves. If you prefer a smoother texture or are using cilantro in a dish where a delicate texture is desired, you may choose to remove the thicker stems. Simply trim off the bottom portion of the stems, leaving the more tender upper portions attached to the leaves. This ensures that you retain the most flavorful parts of the plant while avoiding any unwanted toughness.
What is the best method for chopping cilantro?
The best method for chopping cilantro involves gathering the washed and dried leaves into a loose bundle. Place the bundle on a cutting board and use a sharp knife to chop the cilantro into your desired size. A rocking motion with the knife can help to achieve a consistent chop, preventing bruising and ensuring even distribution of flavor.
Avoid over-chopping the cilantro, as this can release its oils and lead to a loss of flavor. It’s best to chop it just before you’re ready to use it. Also, a sharp knife is essential for clean cuts and prevents tearing, which can also release the oils and diminish the flavor and appearance of the herb.
How should I store cilantro to keep it fresh?
The most effective way to store cilantro and keep it fresh for an extended period is to treat it like a bouquet of flowers. Trim the bottom of the stems and place the cilantro in a glass or jar filled with about an inch of water. Cover the cilantro loosely with a plastic bag and store it in the refrigerator.
Change the water every couple of days to prevent bacterial growth and keep the cilantro hydrated. This method helps to maintain the cilantro’s moisture and crispness, preventing it from wilting and extending its shelf life. Storing cilantro this way can keep it fresh for up to a week or even longer, ensuring you have flavorful herbs on hand when you need them.
Can I freeze cilantro for later use?
Yes, you can freeze cilantro for later use, although the texture may change slightly. Freezing is a good option for preserving cilantro if you have a surplus or want to have it on hand for cooking. The flavor will generally remain intact, but the leaves might become softer upon thawing.
To freeze cilantro, you can either chop it and place it in ice cube trays with water or oil, or flash-freeze the leaves on a baking sheet before transferring them to a freezer-safe bag. Using cilantro frozen in ice cube trays is great for adding directly into soups or sauces. Freezing slows the cilantro from spoiling and allows you to always have a backup herb available. Ensure to label the bag or container with the date for optimal usage.
How can I revive wilted cilantro?
Wilted cilantro can often be revived by placing it in a bowl of ice water for about 15-30 minutes. The cold water helps to rehydrate the leaves and stems, restoring their crispness and vibrancy. This technique is particularly effective for cilantro that has only recently begun to wilt.
After soaking the cilantro in ice water, gently pat it dry with a clean kitchen towel or spin it in a salad spinner. Store the revived cilantro in the refrigerator using the storage methods mentioned earlier, such as placing it in a jar with water or wrapping it loosely in a damp paper towel inside a plastic bag. This will help maintain its freshness and prevent it from wilting again quickly.